Exercise 1.
Classify Curly Company’s costs for a typical month into prevention costs,
appraisal costs, internal failure costs, and external failure costs:
·
Inspection at the end of the production process
$14,000
·
Scrap 12,600
·
Design work to improve the way products are made
16,800
·
Cost of customer complaints 28,000
·
Employee training 8,400
·
Incoming materials inspection 7,000
Suppose Curly Company could increase employee training by $10,500
per month, and thereby reduce internal failure and external failure costs by 28
percent each per month. (Appraisal costs would not be affected.) Would this be
a wise thing for Curly Company to do?
Exercise 2.Vehicle
Performance (VP) designs and produces vehicle parts. In 2015, actual variable
manufacturing overhead is $400,000. VP’s simple costing system allocates
variable manufacturing overhead to its three customers based on machine-hours
and prices its contracts based on full costs. One of its customers has
regularly complained of being charged noncompetitive prices, so VP’s controller
realizes that it is time to examine the consumption of overhead resources more
closely. He knows that there are three main departments that consume overhead
resources: design, production and engineering. Interview with the department
personnel and examination of time records yield the following detailed
information:
|
Usage of |
|||||
|
Department |
Cost Driver |
Manufacturing Overhead in |
United Motors |
Holden Motors |
Leland Auto |
|
Design |
CAD design hours |
$50,550 |
143 |
259 |
104 |
|
Production |
Engineering hours |
38,365 |
91 |
78 |
312 |
|
Engineering |
Machine hours |
311,085 |
156 |
3,626 |
1,404 |
|
Total |
$400,000 |
Required:
1. Compute the manufacturing overhead allocated to each
customer in 2015 using the simple costing system that uses machine-hours as the
allocation base.
2. Compute the manufacturing overhead allocated to each
customer in 2015 using department based manufacturing overhead rates.
Exercise 3.
Crystal, Inc., manufactures networking devices for personal
computer systems, using just-in-time methods. After receiving an order for 450
devices, the company bought materials (for cash) costing $21,000 to fill this
order. It incurred labor and overhead costs of $72,000, of which $15,000 was
for wages and the rest overhead. After the production was finished, but before
all goods were sold, the company needed to compute an inventory cost for
financial statement purposes. The cost of finished goods inventory was $3,720.
Required:
a. Use T-accounts to show the flow of costs under a
traditional costing system.
b. Prepare journal entries for these transactions using
backflush costing.
c. Use T-accounts to show the flow of costs using a JIT
system with backflush costing.
Exercise 4.
Dynamic sells two types of end tables – Basic and Superior.
There are two types of direct materials, oak and marble.
The following data are
available for the 2016 budget:
Direct materials:
Red $14 per board foot (b.f.)
(same as in 2015)
Marble $20 per square foot(s.f.)
(same as in 2015)
Direct manufacturing labor
$40 per hour
|
|
Product |
|
|
|
Basic Marble Table |
Superior Marble Table |
|
Red Oak |
12 board feet |
12 board feet |
|
Granite |
6 square feet |
8 square feet |
|
Direct manufacturing labor |
4 hours |
6 hours |
|
|
Direct Materials |
|
|
|
Oak |
Marble |
|
Beginning inventory |
63,000 b.f. |
54,000 s.f. |
|
Target ending inventory |
72,000 b.f. |
18,000 s.f. |
|
|
Product |
|
|
|
Basic Marble Table |
Superior Marble Table |
|
Expected sales in units |
45,000 |
9,000 |
|
Selling price |
$ 550 |
$ 735 |
|
Target ending inventory in units |
9,900 |
450 |
|
Beginning inventory in units |
900 |
450 |
|
Beginning inventory in dollars |
$345,600 |
$235,800 |
Required:
1. Prepare a revenues budget in units and dollars
2. Prepare a production budget in units
3. Prepare a direct materials usage budget in
units
Exercise 5.
During July, the cutting department completed 8,000 units of
a product that had a standard materials cost of 2 square feet per unit at $2.40
per square foot. The actual materials purchased consisted of 16,400 square feet
at $2.20 per square foot, for a total cost of $36,080. The actual material used
this period was 16,160 square feet. Compute the materials price and usage
variances. Indicate whether each is favorable or unfavorable.
Direct materials – 4 pounds at $5
per pound $20
Direct labor – 3 hours at $6 per hour
18
Manufacturing overhead – 150% of
direct labor 27
$65
